This course offers a foundational understanding of chemical solutions and their behavior. It begins with the definition of a solution and various expressions of concentration. The course then explores chemical equilibrium, covering both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, the equilibrium constant, factors that influence equilibrium, and Le Chatelier’s Principle. Redox reactions are introduced through the concepts of oxidation and reduction, oxidation numbers, and the balancing of redox equations. The study continues with ionic solutions, emphasizing ionic dissociation, the self-ionization of water, and the Brønsted definitions of acids and bases, including their relative strengths. The concept of pH is then addressed, including how to calculate and measure it, as well as the neutralization process. The course concludes with the behavior of salts in solution, focusing on slightly soluble salts, solubility, and the solubility product, along with how equilibrium shifts affect solubility.
- Enseignant: BOURAS Hadj daoud
- Enseignant: BOUAMER Khaira